Jules Pillevestre
(1837 - 1902)
Jules Pillevestre was prominent as a conductor and composer during the last decades of the nineteenth century in Paris. He was frequently on the podium at the Théâtre du Vaudeville and he composed prolifically for wind instruments, military band, and orchestra. Pazdírek's Universal-Handbuch der Musikliteratur... credits him with 105 published works, while the French National Library retains 189 separate items by him in its catalogue. Many of these pieces were published in versions for several different solo instruments. In addition to the "Premier Offertoire," four of the "Fueilles d'Album - Morceaux faciles et concertants," intended primarily for alto saxophone, although published in versions for other wind and stringed instruments, were designated as being appropriate for the bass clarinet. They are: "Contemplation," "Lacrimosa," "Luther," and "Trappiste." All of them are the slow cantabile melodies which their devotional titles would suggest and are in keeping with concept of the otherworldly, devotional character of the bass clarinet which prevailed at the time. The four works are listed by the Bibliographie Musicale Française as having been published for soloist and orchestra in 1887. This listing, compiled quarterly by an association of French music publishers, makes, however, no mention of other versions of these works. "Premier Offertoire" bears the dedication "à mon ami Sallingue de l'Opera" and was probably first performed by him.
• for bass clarinet and organ
• Composed in 1890 (?)
• Published by Evette & Schaeffer
• French notation
• 79 measures
• Extension range: from E to g'
Pillevestre's "Premier Offertoire," the first work published for bass clarinet in France, and as it currently appears, anywhere, is an andante in C major, seventy-nine measures in length. The range of two octaves and a minor third extends from E to g'. The largest portion of the work falls within a more narrow gamut from c to e'. The portions of use of the tessitura are as follows:
Extension notes
E-B 23%
c-g 43%
a-e' 32%
f' and above 2%
The mood is solemn and stately. As the title and suggested use of the organ accompaniment would imply, the pieces was intended to be used in a devotional context. A recitative introduction is followed by a lyric air marked bien chanté. A slightly more animated tempo is indicated in two sections. Few technical demands are made by the flowing hymn like melody, which moves primarily in quarters and halves, without elaboration. When the melody becomes more agitated, moving in eights during an "un peu animé" section, it is given to the keyboard. The bass clarinet stays close to the roots of the harmonies, strongly emphasizing the tonic and dominant tones. There are few accidentals or implied shifts in the harmony.
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